General facts about forest fires in Canada
The number and distribution of forest fires and area burned varies annually across Canada.
Although fire statistics go back to the 1920s, Canadian statistics before 1970 are considered incomplete.
Provincial and territorial fire agencies are responsible for fire-suppression activities.
The Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre (CIFFC) provides operational fire-control services and links to all provincial and territorial fire agencies.
Fire occurrence and area burned is highly variable
Area burned ranges from 0.7 million to 7.6 million ha/year.
Average area burned is 2.5 million ha/year.
Average fire occurrence is 8000 fires/year.
Average suppression costs are $300 million to $500 million annually.
Lightning fires
Represent 35% of all fires.
Represent 85% of total area burned.
Occur in remote locations and often in multiple clusters.
Human-caused fires
Occur in more populated areas and are usually reported quickly.
Fire size
3% of fires are greater than 200 ha.
Fires greater than 200 ha represent 97% of area burned.
Large Fire Database (LFDB)
The LFDB is a collection of information about fires > 200 ha in size.
The LFDB consists of point and polygon data sets.
Fire Suppression and Level of Protection
Fire suppression is a provincial responsibility.
The level of protection varies across Canada and within provinces.
Key issues in the discussion of fire suppression and level of protection relate to the use natural fire versus the role of protecting the forest.
Boreal Fire Characteristics
In the boreal forest, large fires dominate the area burned.
Large fires are a natural and essential part of the boreal forest ecosystem.
Large fires have played a major role in forming and maintaining the boreal forest.
Large fires have high fuel consumption and rates of fire spread.
Extremely high rates of sustained energy release are common.
Towering convection columns can reach into the upper troposphere or stratosphere.
Long-range smoke transport is an issue.
Circumboreal Fire Characteristics
Boreal forest is located primarily in Canada, Russia, and Alaska.
Annual area burned is 5 million to 15 million ha.
Crown fires are typical in North America.
Surface fires are typical in Russia.
Fires are natural and essential to boreal ecosystems.
Russian statistics are underestimated.
Area burned shows great interannual variability.
Key issues are continental climate, extreme weather, multiple ignitions.
关于森林火灾的一般事实在加拿大
大火 数据库(LFDB)
火保护的镇压和水平
北方 火特征
Circumboreal 火特征
北方森林主要在 加拿大, 俄国, 和阿拉斯加位于。
每年区域烧是5 百万到15 百万高精确度
冠火是典型在北美洲。
表面化火是典型 在俄国。
火对北方生态系是自然和根本。
俄国 统计被低估。
区域烧展示伟大interannual 可变性。
主要问题是大陆气候, 极端天气, 多燃烧。
在这个北方森林里, 大火凌驾这个区域烧。
大火 是北方森林生态系的一自然和根本部分。
大火充当在形成 和维护这个北方森林的一个主要角色。
大火有火传播的 高燃料消费和率。
极端被承受的能量发行的高速率是共 同。
参天对流专栏可能到达入上部对流层或统温层。
远程烟运输是问题。
火镇压是省责任。
保护 的水平变化横跨加拿大和在省之内。
主要问题在关于火镇压的 保护的讨论和水平与用途自然火关系到对角色的保护这个森林。
LFDB 是一信息收集关于火的> 200 高精确度在大小。
LFDB 包括点和多角形数据集。
3% 火是大于200 高精确度
火大于200 高精确度代表97% 区域烧。
发生在更多居住 于的区域和迅速通常被报告。
代表35% 所有火。
代表85% 总面积 烧。
发生在远程位置和经常在多群。
闪电火
人导致的火
火大小
区域 烧范围从0.7 百万到7.6 百万ha/year 。
平均 区域烧是2.5 百万ha/year 。
平均火发生是 8000 fires/year 。
平均镇压费用年年是$300 百万到 $500 百万。
数字和分布的森林火灾和 区域烧年年变化横跨加拿大。
虽然火统计去回到20 年代, 加拿大统计在1970 被认为残 缺不全之前。
省和领土火代办处负责对火镇压活动。
加拿 大部门间森林火灾中心 (CIFFC) 提供可使用火控制服务 和链接对所有省和领土火代办处。
火发生和地区烧是高度易变的
